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<title>Techdirt. Stories filed under &quot;apis&quot;</title>
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<pubDate>Wed, 23 Jan 2013 12:13:00 PST</pubDate>
<title>The War On Computing: What Happens When Authorities Don't Understand Technology</title>
<dc:creator>Mike Masnick</dc:creator>
<link>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20130122/15111221754/war-computing-what-happens-when-authorities-dont-understand-technology.shtml</link>
<guid>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20130122/15111221754/war-computing-what-happens-when-authorities-dont-understand-technology.shtml</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ We've obviously been covering a lot about <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/blog/?tag=aaron+swartz">Aaron Swartz</a> lately, but his case is really just one of many similar cases involving people in positions of authority who simply don't understand basic technology, but <i>feel</i> that something must be illegal because they try to overlay an analog view on a digital world.  In the Swartz case, Carmen Ortiz famously used the incredibly misguided and misleading "stealing is stealing" concept.  However, as Cory Doctorow has been fond of <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20111231/01431617249/ongoing-war-computing-legacy-players-trying-to-control-uncontrollable.shtml">pointing out</a> lately, we're entering a war on general purpose computing, and this is just one battle front.
<br /><br />
Two other recent skirmishes show the same sorts of things happening in slightly different contexts.  A few months ago, we wrote about the case of <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20121121/09030521112/expose-blatant-security-hole-att-face-five-years-jail.shtml">Andrew Auernheimer</a>, the security researcher who's been convicted and likely to face a long period of time in jail for exposing a blatant security hole from AT&#038;T that allowed him (and <i>anyone else</i>) to gather personal data on the owners of any iOS device.  Remember, AT&#038;T set up some stupid security, making all of this data public via its own API.  Now about to be sentenced, Auernheimer was asked to write up a "statement of responsibility" for the court, and chose to do a <a href="http://techcrunch.com/2013/01/21/ipad-hack-statement-of-responsibility/" target="_blank">blog post in which he calls out what a farce the whole situation is</a>:
<blockquote><i>
The facts: AT&#038;T admitted, at trial, that they &#8220;published&#8221; this data. Their words. Public-facing, programmatic accesses of APIs happen upwards of a trillion times per day. Twitter broke 13 billion on their API ages ago. This is something that happens more than the entire population of Earth, daily. The government has no problem with this up until you transform the output into something offensive to important people. People with &#8220;disruptive&#8221; startups, this is your fair warning: They are coming for you next.
<br /><br />
The other one of my prosecutors, Zach Intrater, said that a comment I made about Goatse Security, my information security working group, starting a certification process to declare systems &#8220;goatse tight&#8221; was evidence of my intent to personally profit. For those not in on the joke: Goatse is an Internet meme referencing a man holding open his anus very widely. The mind reels.
<br /><br />
I can&#8217;t survive like this. I am happy to be hitting a prison cell soon. They ruined my business. The feds get approval of who I can work for or with: they rejected one company because the CEO had a social network profile with an occupation listed as &#8220;hacker.&#8221; They prohibit me from touching any computer that isn&#8217;t federally monitored. I do my best to slang Perl code on an Android device to comply with my bail conditions. It isn&#8217;t pretty.
</i></blockquote>
Meanwhile, up in Canada, there's been a fair bit of talk about how Dawson College computer science student Ahmed Al-Khabaz <a href="http://news.nationalpost.com/2013/01/20/youth-expelled-from-montreal-college-after-finding-sloppy-coding-that-compromised-security-of-250000-students-personal-data/" target="_blank">was expelled for discovering a security hole</a> in a system used across many Canadian colleges to store personal data of students.  In his case, part of the problem was that, after alerting people to the hole, he went back a few days later to run a script to see if they had closed the hole.  This caused the company that managed the system to accuse him of criminal activity:
<blockquote><i>
&#8220;It was Edouard Taza, the president of Skytech. He said that this was the second time they had seen me in their logs, and what I was doing was a cyber attack. I apologized, repeatedly, and explained that I was one of the people who discovered the vulnerability earlier that week and was just testing to make sure it was fixed. He told me that I could go to jail for six to twelve months for what I had just done and if I didn&#8217;t agree to meet with him and sign a non-disclosure agreement he was going to call the RCMP and have me arrested. So I signed the agreement.&#8221;
</i></blockquote>
Even with the signed agreement, Dawson expelled him.  While Dawson stands by its decision, the company Skytech says that it's <a href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/story/2013/01/21/montreal-dawson-college-hack-hamed-al-khabaz.html" target="_blank">now offered to hire him part time</a>.
<br /><br />
Yes, in all three of these cases you can make a case that what the individual did went further than others would go.  Some might call it discourteous.  Swartz downloaded a lot more than the system intended, even though the network was open and the terms allowed for unlimited downloads.  Auernheimer didn't just find the hole, but he scraped a bunch of data and sent some of it off to a reporter.  Al-Khabaz didn't just find the security hole, but he also went back and probed the system again later.  But, in the context of someone who lives in this kind of world and understands technology, all three represent <i>completely natural behavior</i>.  If the technology allows it, <i>why not</i> probe the system and see what comes out?  It's the natural curiosity of a young and insightful mind, looking to see what information is there.  When it's made available, how do you <b>not</b> then seek to access it?
<br /><br />
But there is a fundamental disconnect between an older, non-digital generation who doesn't get this.  They think in terms of walls and locks, and clear delineations.  The younger generation, the digital native, net savvy generation looks at all of this as information that is available and accessible.  The limitation is merely what they can reach with their computer.  But this isn't a bad thing -- this is how we discover new things and build and learn.  Treating that as <i>criminal</i> behavior is insane and backwards.  It's trying to apply an analog concept to a digital world, and then criminalizing exactly what the system allows and what we should be encouraging people to do -- to push the network, to explore, to learn and to access information.
<br /><br />
This is a culture clash, of sorts, but it represents a real problem, when we're criminalizing the most curious and adept computer savvy folks out there.<br /><br /><a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20130122/15111221754/war-computing-what-happens-when-authorities-dont-understand-technology.shtml">Permalink</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20130122/15111221754/war-computing-what-happens-when-authorities-dont-understand-technology.shtml#comments">Comments</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20130122/15111221754/war-computing-what-happens-when-authorities-dont-understand-technology.shtml?op=sharethis">Email This Story</a><br />
 ]]></description>
<slash:department>here-we-go</slash:department>
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<pubDate>Thu, 13 Oct 2011 16:00:00 PDT</pubDate>
<title>Does Google Have What It Takes To Be A Platform, Rather Than A Product, Company?</title>
<dc:creator>Mike Masnick</dc:creator>
<link>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20111013/02371616330/does-google-have-what-it-takes-to-be-platform-rather-than-product-company.shtml</link>
<guid>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20111013/02371616330/does-google-have-what-it-takes-to-be-platform-rather-than-product-company.shtml</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ Nearly seven years ago, I wrote about the idea that there was a "battle to own the internet," and that if Google really wanted to succeed, it had to move away from just being a product company to <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20041214/1837206.shtml">being a true platform company</a> that had a much more open setup, which did much more to encourage developers to build on top of it.  Over the years, occasionally I've repeated that point.  And while Google has done a few things at the margin, it still has always seemed to resist becoming a true platform.  There are, certainly, some folks inside Google who get this, and I seem to hear from a bunch of them any time I bring this up.  But the company has a history of having trouble really opening up to outside developers.
<br /><br />
So it's really interesting to see this "internal" note from Google employee Steve Yegge, that he accidentally posted publicly via Google+.  It's a <a href="https://plus.google.com/112678702228711889851/posts/eVeouesvaVX#112678702228711889851/posts/eVeouesvaVX" target="_blank">very detailed and honest criticism of the company's attitude on certain things</a>, but not done to slam Google, but rather to push Google to change.  It's getting tons of attention, and Yegge removed the post, but has allowed others to keep up a reposted version.  He's also pointed out that Google PR was <a href="https://plus.google.com/110981030061712822816#110981030061712822816/posts/bwJ7kAELRnf" target="_blank">careful not to pressure him to take down the post</a>, noting that employees are free to express their opinions.
<br /><br />
Some have been reading it as an insider's "attack" on Google, but I don't see that at all.  It seems like a call to action from someone who thinks the company is missing the boat on being a platform.  Yegge spends a lot of time talking (very openly) about his prior experience working at Amazon, and about how Jeff Bezos got the "we need to be a platform" religion big time nearly a decade ago, and effectively forced the entire company to focus on that as job number one.  While Yegge criticizes many problems with Amazon, he does recognize that such a vision has put Amazon in a good position (along with others who have clearly embraced being "the" platform: Facebook, Apple and, almost by accident, Microsoft).
<br /><br />
The key part of the post, which is what many people are focusing on, is where Yegge criticizes Google+, and how it wasn't designed as a platform, whereas its main direct competitor, Facebook, has clearly embraced being a platform in a very meaningful way.
<blockquote><i>
Google+ is a prime example of our complete failure to understand platforms from the very highest levels of executive leadership (hi Larry, Sergey, Eric, Vic, howdy howdy) down to the very lowest leaf workers (hey yo). We all don't get it. The Golden Rule of platforms is that you Eat Your Own Dogfood. The Google+ platform is a pathetic afterthought. We had no API at all at launch, and last I checked, we had one measly API call. One of the team members marched in and told me about it when they launched, and I asked: "So is it the Stalker API?" She got all glum and said "Yeah." I mean, I was joking, but no... the only API call we offer is to get someone's stream. So I guess the joke was on me.
<br /><br />
Microsoft has known about the Dogfood rule for at least twenty years. It's been part of their culture for a whole generation now. You don't eat People Food and give your developers Dog Food. Doing that is simply robbing your long-term platform value for short-term successes. Platforms are all about long-term thinking.
<br /><br />
Google+ is a knee-jerk reaction, a study in short-term thinking, predicated on the incorrect notion that Facebook is successful because they built a great product. But that's not why they are successful. Facebook is successful because they built an entire constellation of products by allowing other people to do the work. So Facebook is different for everyone. Some people spend all their time on Mafia Wars. Some spend all their time on Farmville. There are hundreds or maybe thousands of different high-quality time sinks available, so there's something there for everyone.
<br /><br />
Our Google+ team took a look at the aftermarket and said: "Gosh, it looks like we need some games. Let's go contract someone to, um, write some games for us." Do you begin to see how incredibly wrong that thinking is now? The problem is that we are trying to predict what people want and deliver it for them.
</i></blockquote>
This part rings incredibly true.  I know that when Google+ launched, I liked it as a program, but asked people about APIs, because it needed to better integrate into my workflow -- and was told that that would be coming "sometime later."  And while I still mess around with Goolge+, it's largely become an afterthought to me, because it just lives off in its own separate world, rather than integrating well.  There are still features I like, but until developers have a chance to dive in and make it useful... it just doesn't feel like a necessity.
<br /><br />
But there's a bigger lesson in this, beyond Google's continued platform-itis.  And it goes back to the issue of <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20090827/0353036021.shtml">cargo cult copying</a> -- a topic I've discussed a number of times.  People seem to think it's easy for companies (especially big companies) to "copy" products of their competitors.  In fact, with Google, many people think it's so easy that there are <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20110921/12515116041/theres-no-such-thing-as-natural-search-results-search-results-are-inherently-biased.shtml">antitrust investigations going on</a>.  But Google+ and the points that Yegge raise remind us, yet again, that while copying the basic "features" of a product may be possible, really recreating what makes it tick and what makes it successful is difficult.  
<br /><br />
It's easy to copy the superficial.  It's difficult to copy the soul.
<br /><br />
With Google+, the company built a really nice copy (with some clear improvements) of Facebook, the product -- which is the superficial, public-facing part.  But it completely missed the boat on Facebook, the platform -- which is the real soul of what makes Facebook such a powerhouse.  Google certainly can get there.  And, in the back of my mind, I'd always assumed that was exactly the path they were on.  But remembering that post from 2004, and the lack of any sustained, involved effort within and across Google to <i>be a platform</i>, combined with this post from Yegge, again makes me wonder if Google just doesn't recognize the importance of being a platform.
<br /><br />
I've argued in the past that one big achilles heel for Google is its awful reputation when it comes to customer service, but it's lack of deeply ingrained platform-focused thinking may represent a much bigger threat.<br /><br /><a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20111013/02371616330/does-google-have-what-it-takes-to-be-platform-rather-than-product-company.shtml">Permalink</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20111013/02371616330/does-google-have-what-it-takes-to-be-platform-rather-than-product-company.shtml#comments">Comments</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20111013/02371616330/does-google-have-what-it-takes-to-be-platform-rather-than-product-company.shtml?op=sharethis">Email This Story</a><br />
 ]]></description>
<slash:department>the-challenge-is-(still)-on</slash:department>
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<pubDate>Mon, 22 Aug 2011 22:16:01 PDT</pubDate>
<title>Side Show In Oracle, Google Patent Fight: Are API's Covered By Copyright?</title>
<dc:creator>Mike Masnick</dc:creator>
<link>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20110822/11242915616/side-show-oracle-google-patent-fight-are-apis-covered-copyright.shtml</link>
<guid>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20110822/11242915616/side-show-oracle-google-patent-fight-are-apis-covered-copyright.shtml</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ While the main event in the Oracle <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20100813/00004910613.shtml">lawsuit against Google</a> is around patents, there is an interesting copyright sideshow as well, focused on the question of whether or not <a href="http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=20110804160611483">Oracle can copyright an API</a>.  A couple weeks ago, Google filed for summary judgment on this, noting (among other things) that Sun's own CTO had flat out declared that "internet specifications are not protectable under copyright," prior to Oracle buying out Sun.  The other key claim is that even if Google copied the API, the accusation has them copying 12 files out of over 50,000, which would qualify for de minimis copying, which is a common defense against minimal copyright infringement.
<br /><br />
Oracle has now responded and is arguing that <a href="http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=20110821173311240" target="_blank">copyright for APIs is perfectly reasonable</a>, claiming that the APIs "contain many original and creative elements."  Just as Google quotes a former Sun CTO, Oracle (somewhat snarkily) quotes a current Google employee (and former Sun employee) in noting, "API design is an art, not a science."
<br /><br />
As Groklaw notes in the above link, Google probably won't win on the motion for summary judgment on this issue, even if it has a better chance at trial:
<blockquote><i>
Although we don't buy all of Oracle's arguments (most importantly, we don't believe much of what they assert is copyright protected subject matter is, in fact, protected by copyright, such as API's), Oracle has probably done enough in its response to put the issue of copyright infringement before a jury. Of course, the court still needs to rule on Google's summary judgment motion.
</i></blockquote>
Indeed.  I have trouble seeing how APIs can be covered by copyright.  Oracle's key argument beyond that misleading quote is that creating a good API is "difficult."  Difficulty alone does not determine if something is copyrightable, of course.  Either way, allowing for copyright claims on APIs seems like a good way to create a lot more problems for important (legal!) things like reverse engineering.  Once again, it seems like stupid intellectual property laws may get in the way of important methods for innovation.<br /><br /><a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20110822/11242915616/side-show-oracle-google-patent-fight-are-apis-covered-copyright.shtml">Permalink</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20110822/11242915616/side-show-oracle-google-patent-fight-are-apis-covered-copyright.shtml#comments">Comments</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20110822/11242915616/side-show-oracle-google-patent-fight-are-apis-covered-copyright.shtml?op=sharethis">Email This Story</a><br />
 ]]></description>
<slash:department>we-may-find-out</slash:department>
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<pubDate>Wed, 3 Nov 2010 14:34:27 PDT</pubDate>
<title>UK National Rail Threatens App Maker For Even Discussing His Train Time App</title>
<dc:creator>Mike Masnick</dc:creator>
<link>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20101103/04081311702/uk-national-rail-threatens-app-maker-for-even-discussing-his-train-time-app.shtml</link>
<guid>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20101103/04081311702/uk-national-rail-threatens-app-maker-for-even-discussing-his-train-time-app.shtml</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ Last year, we had a discussion about all of the various transit authorities that had been <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20090326/1211254264.shtml">threatening</a> various app makers for creating rather useful train schedule apps for mobile devices.  Now you might think (if you thought) that transit groups would be <i>thrilled</i> with such apps, which would make taking the train easier and more convenient.  And, really, when you realize that others would be building these apps that get more people to take the train, without you even <i>having to pay them as developers</i>, it sounds absolutely great for the folks who make the trains run.  If they thought.  But, apparently, thinking is not a pre-requisite for some of these jobs, and many of them couldn't think beyond "those apps use <b>our data</b>" and freaked out.  In some cases it was because the train operators wanted to license the data.  In some cases it was because they were offering or building their own, competing, app.
<br /><br />
National Rail, in the UK, seems particularly short-sighted about this, and now they're taking it even further, threatening people for even <i>talking</i> about their threats.  <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/glynmoody/statuses/29556696691" target="_blank">Glyn Moody</a> points us to the news that a developer, Alex Hewson, who had created a web (not mobile) app that used National Rail's <i>open API</i>, which was even listed in the government-run list of open data feeds that developers are encouraged to make use of, who was <a href="http://mocko.org.uk/b/2010/10/29/national-rail-have-killed-my-train-times-app/" target="_blank">first told to shut down the app</a> (a year after it had been running).  The backstory here is even more ridiculous.  Even with the open API, Hewson sent a note to the National Rail asking if it was okay if he turned his web app into an Android app -- and charged enough to cover the costs of development.  At first he received no response, so he sent another letter, and finally got this response:
<blockquote><i>
"I can confirm the National Rail Enquiries Website is for personal and non-commercial use only.  Therefore, the suggestion made in your letter, to utilise the data to build an Android application is expressly prohibited.  I'm sorry that we cannot be of any further assistance."
</i></blockquote>
Based on that he killed the Android app idea -- even though the response is a bit odd, as it implies that <i>any</i> Android app is automatically a "commercial use."  Either way, apparently National Rail is now working to lock up the API, and quietly put up a note saying that to use it, you would soon need to use "tokens" which you could only get with a license.  Hewson only discovered this after a friend pointed it out, so Hewson sent a friendly note to National Rail asking for a token, noting that his app was purely non-commercial.  He also asked if there was some mailing list he could sign up for, so he wouldn't be surprised by such things.
<br /><br />
Instead, he got a demand that he immediately shut down his app, and a haughty claim that "there has always been a requirement for a license to use this service."  Of course, as Hewson pointed out, that contradicted what the National Rail had told him earlier.  The author of the note, Derek Parlour, also noted that it was "highly likely" any license would require a fee.  Of course, that seems strange.  That's because in response to an article from Wired <a href="http://www.wired.co.uk/wired-magazine/archive/2010/09/start/from-the-editor?page=all" target="_blank">criticizing National Rail's refusal to open up its data</a>, National Rail's chief executive, Chris Scoggins, scolded Wired saying:
<blockquote><i>
It isn't true that National Rail Enquiries (NRE) refuses to open up its data feeds.... We've opened up our data to a range of organisations, often free of charge, so they can provide information about trains.
</i></blockquote>
That seems to to contradict Parlour's comments.  That led to Hewson trying to reach Scoggins via a comment on <a href="https://nationalrailenquiries.wordpress.com/" target="_blank">Scoggins blog</a>.  Scoggins replied -- not by admitting to a mistake, or by fixing things and allowing this app which (again, must we remind everyone?) makes it <b>more convenient for people to take the train</b>, but by <a href="http://mocko.org.uk/b/2010/11/02/national-rail-have-killed-my-uk-train-times-app-still-dead/" target="_blank"><b>threatening</b> Hewson for publishing Derek Parlour's original email</a>, claiming that it was "confidential."
<br /><br />
So, not only can you not use the "open" API (that Scoggins himself claims is open, despite it not being so), you also can't even discuss the contradictory and misleading statements made by National Rail employees.  Hewson admits that there was a confidentiality statement on the email, but just like in another <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20101027/03321211603/ny-company-threatens-800notes-via-uk-in-legal-comedy-of-threats-errors.shtml">recent story</a> about someone in the UK relying too much on a poorly written confidentiality notice, the National Rail's confidentiality notice <i>only</i> says you can't share it <i>if you're not the intended recipient</i>.  Since he <i>was</i> the intended recipient, the confidentiality policy clearly states he is free to share it.
<br /><br />
As it stands, it sounds like Hewson may be giving up on the app.  He can't even get a direct answer to the simple question of whether or not he needs to shut down the existing app (which, yes, I'll say it again, is being used to help more people use the train) while they discuss any kind of licensing deal.  No matter how you look at this, National Rail appears to be making a series of really ridiculously bad moves here.  Not opening up the data is just the first mistake.  Then trying to abuse confidentiality policies, along with having inconsistent overall policies, just makes the entire operation seem like a mess.<br /><br /><a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20101103/04081311702/uk-national-rail-threatens-app-maker-for-even-discussing-his-train-time-app.shtml">Permalink</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20101103/04081311702/uk-national-rail-threatens-app-maker-for-even-discussing-his-train-time-app.shtml#comments">Comments</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20101103/04081311702/uk-national-rail-threatens-app-maker-for-even-discussing-his-train-time-app.shtml?op=sharethis">Email This Story</a><br />
 ]]></description>
<slash:department>it's-better-if-people-don't-know-the-train-times</slash:department>
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<pubDate>Thu, 14 Oct 2010 09:26:52 PDT</pubDate>
<title>Wait, So The RIAA Is Offended That Google Won't Do Work For Free?</title>
<dc:creator>Mike Masnick</dc:creator>
<link>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20101013/14593911417/wait-so-the-riaa-is-offended-that-google-won-t-do-work-for-free.shtml</link>
<guid>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20101013/14593911417/wait-so-the-riaa-is-offended-that-google-won-t-do-work-for-free.shtml</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ The RIAA and the IFPI have been going on and on for years about just how ridiculous it is for people to suggest music should be "free."  They will go on, at great length, to talk up the "value" of music and how it should be paid for.  But, apparently, they don't think that applies to anyone else.  They're apparently screaming angry at Google because Google (gasp) responded to their request to provide them tools to help them track down unauthorized copies, by <a href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-31001_3-20019411-261.html?part=rss&#038;subj=news&#038;tag=2547-1_3-0-20" target="_blank">quoting their standard prices</a> for how much it costs to use Google's API.  So, RIAA, please explain: why is it sacrilege for you to demand people pay up, but it's even worse if Google asks you to pay to use its resources?<br /><br /><a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20101013/14593911417/wait-so-the-riaa-is-offended-that-google-won-t-do-work-for-free.shtml">Permalink</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20101013/14593911417/wait-so-the-riaa-is-offended-that-google-won-t-do-work-for-free.shtml#comments">Comments</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20101013/14593911417/wait-so-the-riaa-is-offended-that-google-won-t-do-work-for-free.shtml?op=sharethis">Email This Story</a><br />
 ]]></description>
<slash:department>i-thought-free-was-bad?</slash:department>
<wfw:commentRss>http://www.techdirt.com/comment_rss.php?sid=20101013/14593911417</wfw:commentRss>
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<pubDate>Wed, 26 Aug 2009 08:32:00 PDT</pubDate>
<title>Music Publishers Now Suing Lyrics Sites And Their Execs</title>
<dc:creator>Mike Masnick</dc:creator>
<link>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20090826/0102345997.shtml</link>
<guid>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20090826/0102345997.shtml</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ Last week, we noted that LyricWiki had been pressured to <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20090821/0445435960.shtml">kill its API</a> after music publishers threatened it with a lawsuit.  In the comments to that post, someone insisted that there <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/article.php?sid=20090821/0445435960#c500">haven't</a> been any lawsuits over lyrics online.  If that's true, it just changed.  Apparently the removal of the API wasn't enough, as the parent company of LyricWiki, Motive Force Web, along with LiveUniverse (the site run by former MySpace exec Brad Greenspan) <a href="http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/content_display/industry/e3ia76573c6f2d502a15e774f187baccc91" target="_new">have both been sued by a group of music publishers</a>, who are insisting that such sites are unfairly "profiting on the backs of songwriters."  I'd really like to see them prove that.  These sites aren't profiting off the backs of songwriters, they're <i>helping</i> more people find and understand the lyrics of songs they like.  That gives fans a closer connection to the music and more reason to buy things which will actually bring songwriters money.  It's stunning how shortsighted and backwards the music publishers are being here.
<br /><br />
Even worse, the music publishers didn't stop at just suing the two companies here.  They also sued the individuals behind them personally.  This is a trick that the record labels have been <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080617/0757251433.shtml">pulling</a> lately as well.  It's legalized bullying.  These companies realize that by suing execs of these companies personally, it puts that much more pressure on those execs to settle, even though there's no basis whatsoever to go after those execs personally.
<br /><br />
So, nice job Peermusic, Warner/Chappell, Bug Music and your lobbying buddies at the National Music Publishers' Association (NMPA), you've pissed off more music fans, made them less likely to find or be interested in music of the songwriters you represent, and have filed misguided lawsuits against individuals who dared to try to provide useful information to the public.<br /><br /><a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20090826/0102345997.shtml">Permalink</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20090826/0102345997.shtml#comments">Comments</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20090826/0102345997.shtml?op=sharethis">Email This Story</a><br />
 ]]></description>
<slash:department>and-on-it-goes</slash:department>
<wfw:commentRss>http://www.techdirt.com/comment_rss.php?sid=20090826/0102345997</wfw:commentRss>
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<pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2009 11:26:46 PDT</pubDate>
<title>Music Publishers Force Lyrics API Offline; How Dare Anyone Make Lyrics Useful</title>
<dc:creator>Mike Masnick</dc:creator>
<link>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20090821/0445435960.shtml</link>
<guid>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20090821/0445435960.shtml</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ For many years, music publishers have always <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20030513/155244_F.shtml">hated online lyrics sites</a>.  Rather than realizing that such sites help people connect better with songs, the publishers only thought in terms of "copyright infringement."  Over the years, they've forced a number of such sites to close down.  Chris Takacs points us to the latest such move.  At the very least, they're not forcing an entire site offline, but they've <a href="http://www.macworld.com/article/142389/2009/08/end_of_free_lyrics.html?lsrc=rss_main" target="_new">forced the owner of a lyrics site to shut off its API</a>.  <a href="http://lyricwiki.org/Main_Page">LyricWiki</a> had a nice little API that would allow programmers to embed lyrics from the wiki within their programs... but the music publishers freaked out that people might actually read lyrics without <i>paying</i> for them and sent out the legal muscle.  As the article above notes, in an era of digital music, where fewer and fewer people are buying CDs with lyrics in the liner notes, online lyrics sites make more sense than ever before.  Why are music publishers so against them?<br /><br /><a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20090821/0445435960.shtml">Permalink</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20090821/0445435960.shtml#comments">Comments</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20090821/0445435960.shtml?op=sharethis">Email This Story</a><br />
 ]]></description>
<slash:department>lame</slash:department>
<wfw:commentRss>http://www.techdirt.com/comment_rss.php?sid=20090821/0445435960</wfw:commentRss>
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<pubDate>Wed, 2 Jul 2008 21:16:38 PDT</pubDate>
<title>UK Gov't Throws Open Data For Mashups; Offers Prize Money For Best Results</title>
<dc:creator>Mike Masnick</dc:creator>
<link>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080702/1051341575.shtml</link>
<guid>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080702/1051341575.shtml</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ We were just complaining about the fact that governments should be <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080609/0307271343.shtml">exposing APIs</a> on certain government data so that people can create more useful services out of them -- and it appears that someone in the UK was having similar thoughts.  The government is now <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/7484131.stm" target="_new">opening up a bunch of data</a> to whoever wants to play with it.  Not only is the gov't encouraging people to make mash-ups with the data, it's actually offering cash prizes to those who come up with the best results.  Nice to see a government doing something smart.<br /><br /><a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080702/1051341575.shtml">Permalink</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080702/1051341575.shtml#comments">Comments</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080702/1051341575.shtml?op=sharethis">Email This Story</a><br />
 ]]></description>
<slash:department>about-time</slash:department>
<wfw:commentRss>http://www.techdirt.com/comment_rss.php?sid=20080702/1051341575</wfw:commentRss>
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<pubDate>Fri, 16 May 2008 12:09:27 PDT</pubDate>
<title>Facebook Disconnects Google: Protecting Users... Or Itself?</title>
<dc:creator>Timothy Lee</dc:creator>
<link>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080515/2115201132.shtml</link>
<guid>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080515/2115201132.shtml</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ <p>Inforworld <a href="http://www.infoworld.com/article/08/05/15/Facebook-Google-Friend-Disconnect_1.html">reports</a> that <a href="http://developers.facebook.com/news.php?blog=1&#038;story=111">Facebook has cut off Google's Friend Connect service</a> from accessing Facebook's APIs. Facebook claims that Google Friend Connect "redistributes user information from Facebook to other developers without usersâ€™ knowledge, which doesnâ€™t respect the privacy standards our users have come to expect." Techcrunch <a href="http://www.techcrunch.com/2008/05/15/he-said-she-said-in-google-v-facebook/">has more details</a> about what Google was doing and what Facebook objected to. Facebook is getting a fair amount of flack for this decision, and it's not hard to see why. Given that Facebook has just rolled out its own competing service for linking third-party websites to Facebook, we can't help but wonder if the privacy issues aren't just a cover to avoid having to interoperate with a major competitor.</p>

<p>Still, Facebook's privacy concerns aren't totally bogus, and this dispute does illustrate  <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080511/1146151076.shtml">the point we made on Monday</a> about the challenge of building an open API while preserving user privacy. It's true that users ultimately have control over which applications and sites they approve to access their Facebook data. But users aren't necessarily going to know which applications have good privacy policies, nor are they necessarily going to want to invest the time and effort to figure it out. So it's not necessarily a bad thing that Facebook is imposing at least some minimum standards on sites that use their API. And while Google obviously isn't a fly-by-night organization, Facebook may be worrying about the precedent it would set if it started allowing sites to funnel information gleaned from the Facebook APIs to third party sites that Facebook had no control over at all.</p>

<p>Mike Arrington <a href="http://www.techcrunch.com/2008/05/16/data-portability-its-the-new-walled-garden/">wonders</a>, "How dare Facebook tell ME that I cannot give Google access to this data." I certainly agree with this sentiment in principle, but I think it's missing the way applications work on Facebook. About once a week I get asked to try out some new Facebook application that I've never heard of. I'm already pretty reluctant to approve any of these applications, but I'd be a lot more reluctant if I knew that there was a reasonable chance that signing up would lead to my data being available to random third parties. And in most cases I don't have the time and the interest to research the details of each application's privacy policy. So there's some value in having Facebook enforce reasonable privacy rules on behalf of its users.</p>

<p>But on the other hand, the fact that Facebook can and does arbitrarily disable Facebook apps isn't going to be good for the health of the Facebook ecosystem. If I were a software developer, I would certainly be reluctant to develop for an "open" platform like that. And in the long run, that's a big threat to Facebook's dominance of the social networking universe. Facebook is big, but it's not as big as the rest of the web put together. If a company like Google can figure out how build a usable, open social network atop hundreds of websites, it will give Facebook and MySpace a real run for their money.</p><br /><br /><a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080515/2115201132.shtml">Permalink</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080515/2115201132.shtml#comments">Comments</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080515/2115201132.shtml?op=sharethis">Email This Story</a><br />
 ]]></description>
<slash:department>privacy-or-competition?</slash:department>
<wfw:commentRss>http://www.techdirt.com/comment_rss.php?sid=20080515/2115201132</wfw:commentRss>
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<pubDate>Mon, 12 May 2008 04:06:43 PDT</pubDate>
<title>Social Networking Sites Turn Outward</title>
<dc:creator>Timothy Lee</dc:creator>
<link>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080511/1146151076.shtml</link>
<guid>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080511/1146151076.shtml</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ <p>The <i>New York Times</i> reports on MySpace's new Data Availability project, which will allow third-party websites to <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/idg/IDG_852573C40069388000257443006ACC71.html">automatically import information</a> from a user's profile, saving the user the hassle of re-entering it on a bunch of different sites. As the <a href="http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/05/08/myspaces-open-approach-to-opening/index.html">Bits blog says</a>, this is a smart move and could be the start of an important trend toward making MySpace a more outward-focused platform. Facebook wasted no time in <a href="http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/05/09/can-facebook-build-a-better-passport/index.html">announcing a program of its own</a> called Facebook Connect that will have similar functionality. And now it looks like Google will <a href="http://www.news.com/8301-13953_3-9941039-80.html?tag=nefd.pop">rolling out an extension for Open Social</a> that will provide some of the same features. We've <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20071101/130111.shtml">said before</a> that the achilles heel of social networking sites is that they're so inwardly-focused. In the long run, it's going to be difficult for any siteâ€&rdquo;even one as large and technically savvy as Facebook or MySpace, to get users to stay inside of a walled garden. The site that figures out how to be a platform that other sites use for identity management will have a huge advantage in the long run. MySpace and Facebook appear to regard this kind of outwardly-focused platform as the next frontier in social networking.</p>

<p>They're going to face some serious challenges in the privacy department, though. We discussed the <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080123/15023050.shtml">privacy dilemma with Facebook apps</a> back in January, and both Facebook and MySpace are going to have to grapple with the same set of issues with their new strategies. On the one hand, they need to lock things down sufficiently that one bad (or compromised) application can't suck down a ton of private user data and do bad things with it. On the other hand, if they are too restrictive, it will limit the usefulness of their platforms and discourage third-party websites from using them at all. Striking this balance, and coming up with security mechanisms that give sites the information they need without giving away the store, will be crucial to these initiatives' success.</p>

<p>I think it's possible that these problems will prove intractable. Ordinarily, when we talk about an "open API," we mean an API that anybody can use without any kind of pre-approval, and that doesn't constrain how data received through the API is used. Obviously, MySpace and Facebook aren't going to want to offer an API that's open in this sense; there's too much potential for mischief if an application can trick a user into authorizing a malicious application. So unless they can come up with a really elegant mechanism for limiting the spread of information, there's going to have to be a vetting process, which will mean extra overhead that limits how quickly the platform can grow. It's going to take a lot of ingenuity to make these platforms open enough that a lot of potential partners can participate while keeping them closed enough that they don't become vehicles for the bad guys to cause problems.</p><br /><br /><a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080511/1146151076.shtml">Permalink</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080511/1146151076.shtml#comments">Comments</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080511/1146151076.shtml?op=sharethis">Email This Story</a><br />
 ]]></description>
<slash:department>privacy-challenges</slash:department>
<wfw:commentRss>http://www.techdirt.com/comment_rss.php?sid=20080511/1146151076</wfw:commentRss>
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<pubDate>Tue, 8 Apr 2008 00:27:18 PDT</pubDate>
<title>Google Finally Realizes It Needs To Be The Web Platform</title>
<dc:creator>Mike Masnick</dc:creator>
<link>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080407/225749782.shtml</link>
<guid>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080407/225749782.shtml</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ Way back in 2004, we started asking <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20041214/1837206_F.shtml">when</a> Google was going to become "the web platform," finally opening up its infrastructure to build out new and useful applications.  It seemed obvious at the time that the next real battle was going to be in that space, but time and time again, Google has <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20061220/194008.shtml">missed opportunities</a> to do so, opening up a window of opportunity for other players.  Surprisingly, the closest to realizing the vision has been <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20060824/110814.shtml">Amazon.com</a> with its Amazon Web Services offerings -- which was something no one would have expected back in 2004.  Back then, the questions were more about Microsoft, Yahoo and Google.  Microsoft, however, can't seem to get past its desktop software DNA (though, it talks a good game) and Yahoo! (typical Yahoo!) has bits and pieces here and there but can't seem to pull together a <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20060308/1736234.shtml">comprehensive</a> web platform strategy.  For a brief period of time, it looked like Facebook <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20070521/012457.shtml">might</a> become a true web platform, but it's been too focused on <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080303/095750415.shtml">locking apps in</a> rather than enabling outbound efforts.
<br /><br />
So, now, finally, nearly four years later, Google has come to its senses and <a href="http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2008/04/app-engine-host-your-python-apps-with-google.html" target="_new">announced its entrance into the web platform space</a> with its aptly named <a href="http://appengine.google.com/">AppEngine</a> offering.  In many ways, it's similar to Amazon's offering (which is a good thing!), though much more integrated, which could prove to be either a problem or a benefit depending on what you want to do.  Amazon allows for a much more a la carte setup, which could appeal to many, while you have to really embrace Google to enjoy the benefits of its setup.  A big open question is pricing.  A huge part of the appeal to Amazon's Web Services platform is that it's crazy cheap.  You really have to be working it quite hard to build up any sort of significant charges.  Google hasn't released info on pricing yet, offering AppEngine up for free to the first 10,000 developers (who appear to have snapped up all the open slots in less than two hours).  That free service has some limitations: initially 500 MBs of storage and enough bandwidth to serve approximately 5 million pages per month.  There's some suggestion that the final service will always be free up to that level, with charges starting if you go beyond that.  If so, that could certainly appeal to people who just want to try some stuff out for free.
<br /><br />
While this may seem like something that will only appeal to serious techheads, this could be a really big deal.  A lot is going to depend on how well AppEngine really works, and how open it really turns out to be.  However, if it really does provide another super cheap (or even free at low levels) full service, highly scalable platform for all different kinds of applications, things could start to get very interesting pretty quickly.  Between this and Amazon's Web Services, the very concept of developing online applications may finally start to change in significant ways for the better.  The easier it is to develop and deploy highly scalable web applications, the more innovative and creative solutions we're going to start to see.<br /><br /><a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080407/225749782.shtml">Permalink</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080407/225749782.shtml#comments">Comments</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080407/225749782.shtml?op=sharethis">Email This Story</a><br />
 ]]></description>
<slash:department>took-'em-long-enough</slash:department>
<wfw:commentRss>http://www.techdirt.com/comment_rss.php?sid=20080407/225749782</wfw:commentRss>
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<pubDate>Thu, 3 Jan 2008 11:58:00 PST</pubDate>
<title>How Dare You Make Our Service More Valuable! RealNetworks Shuts Down YottaMusic</title>
<dc:creator>Mike Masnick</dc:creator>
<link>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080103/010053.shtml</link>
<guid>http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080103/010053.shtml</guid>
<description><![CDATA[ It's sometimes amazing how shortsighted companies can be -- especially when they discover that others are making their own services better and more valuable.  We've written about various threats and lawsuits against people who have made <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20040720/109212.shtml">better interfaces</a> for websites such as the Ellis Island listings and Odeon Cinemas' site in the UK.  Now, as noted by <a href="http://avc.blogs.com/a_vc/2008/01/yottamusic-rip.html">Fred Wilson</a>, it looks like the folks at RealNetworks have <a href="http://bijansabet.com/post/22791839">forced YottaMusic out of business</a> for making Real's Rhapsody service a lot more userfriendly.  TechCrunch suggests that there's some political reasons for the shutdown having to do with <a href="http://www.techcrunch.com/2008/01/02/rhapsody-pulls-plug-on-non-public-apis-effectively-shuts-yottamusic-down/">what APIs YottaMusic was using</a>, but that's hardly an excuse for shutting down a popular site that only makes Rhapsody's service more valuable by creating an interface that many people prefer to Rhapsody's own interface.  Users of YottaMusic still need to be Rhapsody subscribers, so it could only help to increase Real's subscriber numbers -- so it's hard to understand what the business rationale could be for shutting the site down.<br /><br /><a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080103/010053.shtml">Permalink</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080103/010053.shtml#comments">Comments</a> | <a href="http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20080103/010053.shtml?op=sharethis">Email This Story</a><br />
 ]]></description>
<slash:department>not-allowed-to-make-things-more-valuable</slash:department>
<wfw:commentRss>http://www.techdirt.com/comment_rss.php?sid=20080103/010053</wfw:commentRss>
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