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stories filed under: "samples"
Legal Issues

Legal Issues

by Mike Masnick


Filed Under:
copyright, germany, kraftwerk, music, samples



Germany Realizes That Music Samples Can Be Fair Use

from the it's-a-start dept

One of the absolute worst copyright decisions of the last few decades was the ruling in one of many Bridgeport lawsuits, which established the idea that there simply is no fair use when it came to music samples. The ruling found that if you did any sampling, even if it's unrecognizable and has no impact on the original song, you still have to pay a royalty. This seems wrong on so many levels, it's still amazing that a judge ruled that way, ignoring the traditional four factors test for fair use.

Over in Germany, a district court seemed to take the same path in a case brought by German legends Kraftwerk against a hip hop artist that used a 2-second sample. However, the good news is that an appeals court has put a bit of sanity back into the process, noting that a two second sample used in a way where it's barely recognizable should obviously be fair use.

The ruling is hardly a huge win, as it still requires the samples to not use the melody and be in a completely new piece of music (thanks to Adam for sending this in). Overall, it's a better ruling than the original ruling, though still seems to limit fair use way beyond what is reasonable when it comes to music sampling.

6 Comments | Leave a Comment..

 
Predictions

Predictions

by Mike Masnick


Filed Under:
copyright, fair use, girl talk, greg gillis, samples



Who Will Be The First To Sue Girl Talk Over Music Samples?

from the taking-bets? dept

A few weeks back when we mentioned that the musical act Girl Talk was releasing a new album using the pay what you want model, one element we didn't dwell on was the fact that Girl Talk's genre might be best described as "mash up music." That is, Greg Gillis, the guy who is Girl Talk, takes samples from tons of songs and mixes them together to create something totally new. While there may be some who disagree, listening to Girl Talk, I find it difficult to believe that Gillis is any less of a musician than the musicians he samples -- he's just playing a different kind of instrument.

But there's a big question -- whether or not Girl Talk's albums are legal or are they basically massive copyright infringement cases. If Gillis were to actually go around licensing all the snippets he samples, such an album would be impossible to make -- showing (yet again) how copyright would act as disincentive for creation rather than incentive. So far Gillis hasn't actually been sued, though that seems unlikely to last. On the positive side, some big name musicians interviewed in a recent Wall Street Journal article about Girl Talk sound much more honored than litigious to be included on a Girl Talk album. However, with over 300 samples used on the album, there's almost certainly going to be a few who get upset. The article, for example, suggests that the woman in charge of the copyright for the band the Guess Who is planning to go after Girl Talk, noting that: "We'll chase it down. What more can you do?" Well, actually, there's plenty more that you can do -- such as recognizing that no one who hears the music on Girl Talk is going to see that as a replacement to the Guess Who's album -- and, if anything, it might entice new fans to the original.

But, eventually a legal battle is going to pop up -- and while Gillis and his label are banking on "fair use" claims to protect them, the history of court cases on this particular question have shown the courts (wrongly) seem to count nearly any sample, no matter how minor to require a license. This has created a small industry of "sample trolls" getting the rights to various songs (often via very questionable means) and then suing anyone who samples just a few notes from it. It seems quite likely that sooner or later someone is going to go after Gillis for this. And, while it's nice that some artists are honored by Gillis's use of their music, that probably won't stop others from suing. Luckily, Gillis has at least one big supporter in Congress -- and perhaps a lawsuit against him will help bring this issue to the attention of lawmakers.

39 Comments | Leave a Comment..

 
Too Much Free Time

Too Much Free Time

by Mike Masnick


Filed Under:
samples, snoop dogg

Companies:
bridgeport music, universal music



Sample Troll Sues (And Loses) Over Sample Of A Song It Claims Sampled Its Song

from the follow-that? dept

We've written a few times about Bridgeport Music, which has been called a "sample troll". The small company claims ownership of numerous copyrights on songs written by George Clinton -- about which George Clinton claims the main guy at Bridgeport forged Clinton's signature to obtain. Bridgeport is largely responsible for many of the lawsuits you hear about these days concerning "samples" being used in music, as it effectively convinced the Sixth Circuit Court that there was no fair use when it came to samples, and any sample requires royalty payments. However, in its latest lawsuit, it may have even overstepped those boundaries. William Patry points us to the details that show the lengths to which Bridgeport will go to try to squeeze money out of songs it may not even really own the rights to. The case involves a Snoop Dogg song that apparently used a sample of an old Clinton tune (something that Clinton encourages (video clip)). But, that's not the problem. The problem appears to be that two other musicians later sampled the Snoop Dogg tune (not the Clinton tune), and therefore Bridgeport is now claiming that Universal Music (who owns a small fraction of the rights associated with the Snoop Dogg tune) owes it money for licensing a song that had a sample that may or may not have been owned by Bridgeport. Luckily, the courts have tossed out the suit, noting that Bridgeport's evidence is incredibly weak.

Either way, just the fact that Bridgeport thinks it has a claim shows to what ridiculous lengths people are taking copyright laws these days. To recap: Bridgeport may or may not own the copyrights to some George Clinton songs (Clinton himself claims that Bridgeport does not own those rights and forged signatures to pretend it does). However, Bridgeport is suing Universal Music who owns a tiny fraction of the rights for a Snoop Dogg song which may or may not have sampled a tiny portion of a George Clinton song, and, in turn had a small section of the Snoop Dogg song sampled by two other musicians. The connection here between the two parties involved in the lawsuit is so distant that the idea that copyrights even play a remote part here is laughable. Unfortunately, though, that is the length to which companies will go these days thanks to our overly broad copyright laws.

6 Comments | Leave a Comment..

 
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